Immunohistochemistry (IHC), which utilizes monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to detect specific antigens in situ, is a very powerful tool for imaging discrete components in tissues.

https://www.histobiolab.co...

Creative Bioarray provides high quality human and animal tissue slides, which can be used for routine H&E staining or other special staining, IHC, IF, FISH and ISH. We also provide you with positive control slides for your histopathology positive experiment control.

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Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue specimens are mainly used by the medical community and researchers to preserve biopsy samples in formaldehyde and then embed them into paraffin wax blocks. This process preserves the proteins and structures of the tissue. After storing it into a block, thin slices of the FFPE block can be made and is then mounted on a microscope slide to enable examination.

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Interferon is a protein with a variety of biological activities such as antiviral and tumor suppression, and is part of your natural defense system. Interferon stimulates the immune response of the body's immune cells to viruses, promotes apoptosis and tumor cell suppression, and also enhances the body's immunity and repairs damaged tissue cells.

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Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) is an important endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine mediator of physiological growth. They promote cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. IGFs are formed when growth hormone (GH) released from the anterior pituitary gland acts on the liver. There are two types of IGFs, including IGF-1 and IGF-2. IGF-1 promotes protein synthesis and cell proliferation by binding to IGF receptors on the cell surface, and is also involved in a variety of physiological roles including energy metabolism and regulation of organ function. IGF-2 regulates cell proliferation, growth, migration, survival, and differentiation. Decreased IGf-2 levels are seen in growth disorders and are also thought to play a role in the development of certain cancers, including breast, colon, and lung cancers.

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Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a diverse protein hormone that is secreted by mesenchymal cells and has biological effects on many cells. HGF binds to its high-affinity receptor c-Met and plays an important role in hepatocyte growth, motility, proliferation, differentiation, and cellular adaptation. HGF's ability to stimulate mitosis, cell motility, and stromal invasion gives it a central role in angiogenesis, HGF plays a central role in angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, and tissue regeneration. In addition, HGF has been associated with a variety of cancers, including lung, pancreatic, thyroid, colon, and breast cancers.

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Body fluid is liquid originating from inside the bodies of living people. Creative Bioarray provides multiple body fluids from a diverse group of normal and diseased people in order to fulfill different demands from customers all over the world.

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Exosomes have recently appeared as a valuable source of various biomarkers for disease diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy, since these exosomes contain not only protein and lipids components, but also RNAs and metabolites that can be detected in various biofluids. Exosomes can be associated with almost any diseases and become a hot topic for research on disease biomarkers discovery, disease pathogenesis, and drug development.

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Technologies that isolate rare cell types to high purity are essential to the cell biology researcher. Understanding cell development pathways becomes increasingly significant as diagnosis and treatment of disease turns more to the molecular level. This diagnosis requires methods for detection, isolation, and analysis of individual cells regardless of their frequency. Starting with the right primary cells is the foundation for your research, which is the best way to ensure success in the downstream functional and biological studies in the lab.

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Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a protein hormone produced by leukocytes, which has various biological activities and is involved in many physiological and pathological processes. TNF mainly acts on tumor cells and inflammatory tissues at the site of infection, inducing apoptosis of tumor cells, increasing the activity of the immune system, and causing inflammatory responses in the body.

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Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a diverse protein hormone that is secreted by mesenchymal cells and has biological effects on many cells. HGF binds to its high-affinity receptor c-Met and plays an important role in hepatocyte growth, motility, proliferation, differentiation, and cellular adaptation.

https://cell.creative-bioa...

With extensive experience in isolating and culturing primary cells from various tissues and organs, Creative Bioarray can provide a wide range of primary cells to be used as more biologically relevant tools in your research. We can offer customized services upon the requests of our customers.

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Here you can find skeletal muscle cells, satellite cells and myoblasts. You can also find media to grow the cells as well as DNA, RNA and proteins derived from these cells.

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Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, but there is currently no effective method to regenerate new coronary arteries in a sick or injured heart. This may be due to our limited understanding of coronary artery progenitor cells and the signaling pathways that activate their differentiation. Coronary arteries are vessels that supply blood to the ventricular myocardium and consist of an endothelial cell lining wrapped by a smooth muscle covering. Coronary artery smooth muscle cells are particularly important due to their role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease. They provide an excellent model system for studying various aspects of cardiovascular function and disease, especially those related to the hyperplasia and hypertrophy of intimal smooth muscle cells leading to vascular occlusion in atherosclerosis and stent restenosis.

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Stellate cells, formerly known as Ito cells, fat-storing cells, perisinusoidal cells or lipocytes, are the major storage sites for vitamin A.

Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are located in the space of Disse between the hepatic epithelial cells and sinusoidal endothelial cells, accounting for 5%-8% of the cells in the liver. In a healthy liver, stellate cells are quiescent and contain large amounts of vitamin A lipid droplets. When the liver is injured due to hepatic toxins or viral infection, HSCs receive signals secreted by damaged hepatocytes and immune cells to transdifferentiate into activated myofibroblast-like cells. As the primary extracellular matrix-producing cells in liver, activated stellate cells generate a temporary scar at the site of injury to protect the liver from further damage. In addition, HSCs also secrete cytokines and growth factors that promote the regeneration of hepatic epithelial cells. Because of their important roles in liver repair and disease pathogenesis, HSCs have been a hot spot in liver research.

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Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3 (Kv4.3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KCND3 gene. It contributes to the cardiac transient outward potassium current (Ito1), the main contributing current to the repolarizing phase 1 of the cardiac action potential. Kv4.3 is a member of the Shal family of Kv channels and generates a rapidly activating and rapidly inactivating current, contributing to the transient outward K+ current in the heart.

https://acroscell.creative...

Cav1.2 plays an important role in the contraction of the heart. It is particularly important and well known for its expression in the heart where it mediates L-type currents, which causes calcium-induced calcium release from the ER Stores via ryanodine receptors. The block of calcium current can lead to AV block and negative inotropy. Cav1.2 depolarizes at -30mV and helps define the shape of the action potential in cardiac and smooth muscle.

https://acroscell.creative...

Creative Bioarray's CiPA service provides you with a robust cost-effective approach to determine cardiac risk, earlier in your program and with turnaround times that support your lead discovery and optimization pipeline.

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Ion channels continue to be an important therapeutic target for a range of indications such as hypertension, arrhythmia, pain, stroke, epilepsy, depression, diabetes, local anesthesia, bipolar disorder, COPD, and autoimmune disorders. Ion channels are not only important drug targets, but also play an important role in drug safety evaluation. Many drugs withdrawn from the market due to cardiac-related side effects have been shown to block the human ether-a-go-go (hERG) ion channel, delaying repolarization of the cardiac action potential and possibly leading to a potentially fatal arrhythmia.

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Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a class of proteins responsible for thyroid hormones and sensing steroid and certain other molecules. There are 48 genes in the human genome that code for the NRs. As the largest family of eukaryotic transcription factors, NRs control numerous processes involved in development, cell cycle, and important metabolic pathways. Generally, they activate the transcription of sets of genes in response to the binding of cognate ligands, usually small lipophilic molecules (steroids, vitamins, and fatty acid derivatives). Like many receptors, ligand binding induces a conformational change in the receptor, but unique to nuclear receptors is their ability to up- or down-regulate gene expression. This ability makes nuclear receptors interesting therapeutic and liability targets.

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Inhibiting Hsp90 has the potential to affect all the hallmarks of cancer, making it an exciting potential therapeutic target. HSP90 inhibitors that bind the ATP binding pocket standing on the N-terminal of HSP90 have resulted in degradation of HSP90 client proteins through the ubiquitin proteasome pathway. The natural product of HSP90 inhibitors geldanamycin and radicicol can exert their antitumor function by blocking the intrinsic ATPase activity of HSP90, leading to degradation of HSP90 client proteins. Thus, HSP90 inhibition provides an important pharmacological platform for anticancer therapy.

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As sentinels of the immune system, dendritic cells (DCs) are located in all tissues, especially those at the interface between the external environment and the body, such as lung, intestine, and skin. DCs are divided into plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) and conventional DCs (cDCs), cDCs are further split into type 1 (cDC1) and type 2 (cDC2). Functionally, cDCs include two states: immature and mature. Immature DCs are professional in uptaking and processing antigens, and mature DCs are specialist in antigen presentation. It has been observed that immature cDCs can induce immune tolerance, while mature cDCs induce Th2 or Th1 immune responses.

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Chondrocytes have been used as an in vitro model system in multiple studies to explore cellular mechanisms, such as inflammation-related signaling cascades, abnormal protease production, chondrocyte apoptosis and differentiation, as well as novel potential treatments for arthritic disease.

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CD133 (also known as Prominin-1 or AC133) has been identified as an important cell surface marker. Cells expressing the CD133 marker are commonly referred to as primitive hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSCs and HPCs). While cells expressing the CD133 marker are usually undifferentiated embryonic stem cell lines, this cell type is usually harvested from bone marrow and cord blood but can be also found in multiple locations including the liver, kidney, prostate, muscle, and neural tissue.

CD133+ cells have stemness properties such as drug-resistance, self-renewal, differentiation ability, high proliferation and they are able also to form tumors in xenografts. These cells with CD133+ are more resistant to radiation and standard chemotherapy than CD133- cells.

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Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the industrialized world. The development of heart disease is usually the result of dysfunction within individual cardiac muscle cells or cardiomyocytes. Individual cardiomyocytes represent the smallest fully functional model system of the cardiac muscle, which can be used to examine the force production, relaxation function, ion regulation, cell signaling, and gene expression.

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Basophils belong to a category of white blood cells called granulocytes because they contain tiny granules. The granules in basophils are made up of different chemicals, including histamine and heparin. When needed, basophils break open (degranulate) to release these chemicals as part of the body's immune defense.

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Phagocytosis involves a series of events, starting with the recognition and binding of cell surface receptors to the particles, then forming an actin-rich membrane extension around the particle, and finally, the membrane extensions fuses to form phagosomes. Pathogens in the phagosomes are destroyed by lowered pH, hydrolysis, and radical attack. These early events, mediated by the innate immune system, are critical to the survival of the host. As a result of this process, pathogen-derived molecules can be presented at the cell surface (antigen presentation), allowing the induction of acquired immunity.

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Immortalizing the cell line will eliminate the frequent need to re-establish fresh cultures from specimens. Immortalized cell lines are capable of extended proliferation and should possess similar or identical genotype and phenotype to the parental tissue.

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Creative Bioarray is offering Caco-2 permeability assay to help determine the absorption and the bioavailability of drug candidates, facilitating the lead optimization process in drug discovery.

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Human cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes play an essential role in drug metabolism. Even subtle changes in the activities of CYP enzymes may cause severe drug-drug interactions. Creative Bioarray aims to help our clients with evaluating the interaction potential of your compounds.

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