Understanding How Epigenetics Affect Our Health and Behavior

What is Epigenetics?
Epigenetics refers to mechanisms that regulate gene expression without altering the underlying DNA sequence. Epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs. These epigenetic marks essentially act as labels that control which genes are turned "on" or "off" and when they are expressed.

DNA Methylation
One important epigenetic mechanism is DNA methylation, which involves the addition of a methyl group to certain positions on DNA. DNA methylation is usually associated with gene silencing - the more methyl groups added to a gene or its promoter region, the less likely that gene is to be expressed. DNA methylation plays an important role in cell differentiation and developmental processes.

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