What are Antibodies and How Do They Work?

Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are Y-shaped proteins produced mainly by plasma cells that are part of the body's immune system. Antibodies recognize and help eliminate pathogens such as bacteria and viruses. Each antibody recognizes a specific antigen unique to its target. Our bodies produce millions of antibodies, each with a unique shape that allows it to bind to its matching antigen.

Antibody Structure

Antibodies are made up of basic structural units called immunoglobulin. Each immunoglobulin contains a variable region that recognizes antigens and a constant region that interacts with other parts of the immune system. The variable region contains antigen-binding sites that give antibodies their specificity.

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