Understanding Antibodies and Their Role in the Immune System

Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are Y-shaped proteins produced by plasma cells in response to the detection of foreign objects like bacteria and viruses. Antibodies play a key role in the immune system by binding to specific proteins or molecules on the surface of these pathogens, helping eliminate microbes from the body. Their binding triggers other immune cells like macrophages to engulf the pathogen, preventing infection. Antibodies are highly specific and will only bind to the antigen that induced their production.

Antibody Structure and Function

The basic structure of an antibody includes two identical light chains and two identical heavy chains connected together by disulfide bonds.

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