Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with the unique ability to develop into specialized cell types as the body needs them, and an enormous capacity for self-renewal to maintain the undifferentiated state. They are the body's natural reservoir. Stem cells can replenish stocks of used up or damaged cells. They are essential to maintain tissues and keep normal functions of the body.

Stem cells can be classified in different ways. They can be mainly classified into embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) according to the basis of their resources. Stem cells can also be classified by their differentiation potential.

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