Sand dollars reproduce through broadcast spawning: both males and females release sperm and eggs into the water, where fertilization occurs externally. The microscopic larvae drift as plankton, feeding and growing before settling on the seabed. Over weeks to months, they undergo metamorphosis, developing into juvenile sand dollars with their familiar flattened tests. Environmental signals—such as temperature shifts and tidal patterns—often synchronize spawning events. For a deeper dive, explore https://marinelivings.com/...