All Ethernet switches have a number of ports through which devices are connected to the switch. The number of ports depends on the type of switch. At the heart of every switch is a switch fabric which includes a switching matrix that connects the ports. The switch fabric determines the number of ports that can communicate simultaneously. Switches also have memory buffers and queues to temporarily store incoming data packets before forwarding them to the appropriate destination port. Advanced switches also incorporate CPUs, RAM, and ROM like general computers to provide robust management features.

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